Everything about the Kingdom Of Aragon totally explained
The
Kingdom of Aragon was an old
kingdom in the
Iberian Peninsula, corresponding to the modern-day
autonomous community of
Aragon (
Aragón), in
Spain. It shouldn't be confused with the larger
Crown of Aragon, of which the Kingdom of Aragon was a member along with other territories such as the
Kingdom of Valencia or the
Principality of Catalonia, all of them sharing the same
king.
This kingdom was originally a
Frankish feudal county around the city of
Jaca, which in the first half of the 8th century became a vassal state of the kingdom of
Pamplona (later
Navarre), it's own dynasty of counts ending without male heir in
922. In the 11th century, lands in Aragon were given by
Sancho III of Navarre to his son
Ramiro I, who also acquired
Ribagorza and
Sobrarbe following the death of this brother
Gonzalo in
1043, and by defeating his brother
García Sánchez III of Navarre he achieved virtual independence (although the royal title wasn't used until the next generation). As the kingdom expanded to the south, conquering land from
Al Andalus, the capital city was moved first to
Huesca (
1096), and later to
Zaragoza (
1118). By
1285 the southernmost areas of
Aragon had been taken from the
Moors.
The Kingdom of Aragón gave the name to the
Crown of Aragon, after the
dynastic union in
1150 of a
Count of Barcelona (
Ramon Berenguer IV) with a Queen of Aragón (
Petronila of Aragon), their son inheriting all their respective territories. The Kings of Aragón had also the title of Count of Barcelona and ruled territories that consisted of not only the present administrative region of
Aragon but also
Catalonia, and later the
Balearic Islands,
Valencia,
Sicily,
Naples and
Sardinia (see
Crown of Aragon). The King of Aragón was the direct King of the Aragonese region, and held also the title of
King of Valencia,
King of Mallorca (for a time),
Count of Barcelona, Lord of
Montpellier, and, for a time,
Duke of Athens and Neopatria. Each of these titles gave him sovereignty over a certain region, and these titles changed as he lost and won territories. In the fourteenth century, his power was greatly restricted by the
Union of Aragon.
The
Crown of Aragon was effectively disbanded after the dynastic union with
Castile which supposed the
de jure unification of the Spanish Kingdom after some time of
de facto unification under a common monarch. After this happened, Aragon kept some political institutions, until the
Nueva Planta decrees, promulgated in
1707, finally put an end to it.
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